Diabetes, Types, Symptoms, Causes, Symptoms and Treatment of diabetes

Diabetes

Diabetes refers a chronic disease that happens when the pancreas does not produce sufficient insulin or when the body cannot produces enough insulin. Insulin means one kind of hormone which regulates the blood sugar. Higher level blood sugar (Hyperglycaemia) is a very common effect of uncontrolled diabetes and over time which causes serious effects to nerves and blood vessels as well as to the body system. It affects blood sugar which is known as glucose. Glucose is a source of energy for the development of muscles and tissues and brain.

Types of Diabetes:

There are 3 main types of diabetes in the world.

 1. Type 1 diabetes

Type 1 diabetes is also known as insulin-dependent. It refers when human body cannot produces any insulin or produces very little which causes the blood glucose level is not in control. It can develop at any age, but mainly occurs in children and adolescents. Most important thing is that the reason and the preventive measure are still unknown. To control blood glucose level, it requires daily insulin.

 2. Type 2 diabetes

Type 2 diabetes is also known as non-insulin-dependent or common diabetes. It refers when the body cannot make effective use of the insulin that it produces. It is found around 90% of all diabetes cases. It occurs mainly obesity or excess body weight and physical inactivity. Doing regular physical activity and maintaining diet are the treatment for this diabetes. Also to control blood glucose level, oral drugs and/or insulin can be taken.

 3. Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes is a type of diabetes which refers to high blood glucose level during pregnancy. This kind of diabetes increase the risk at delivery. When this kind of diabetes is found, there is a possibility of type 2 diabetes in the future for the women and children. Though it disappears after pregnancy period but there is still a risk of type 2 diabetes in future.

 

Symptoms of Diabetes:

• Frequently excretion of urine.
• More thirsty.
• Weight losing.
• Blurry vision or vision changes.
• Getting more tired.
• Getting more hungry.
• Erectile dysfunction (for man).
• Urinary tract infections, yeast infections, itchy skin etc. (for woman).

 

Causes of diabetes

Type 1 diabetes

• The causes are still unknown.
• Weak immune system can be the cause for this type of diabetes.
• Genetically it can be transferred.  

 Type 2 diabetes

•  Overweight or obese.
•  Carrying extra weight.
• Age more than 45
• Physically inactive
• Having high blood pressure.
• Taking high cholesterol

 

 Gestational diabetes

• high blood sugar during pregnancy.
• Overweight woman.

 

Treatment of diabetes

• Taking insulin.
• Keeping blood pressure control
• Eating hygiene food.
• Making diet.
• Doing regular exercise.

There are four types of insulin which are most commonly used for diabetes. They’re differentiated by their duration activity:

Insulin	Starts to work	Working duration
Rapid-acting insulin	within 15 minutes	3 to 4 hours
Short-acting insulin	within 30 minutes	6 to 8 hours
Intermediate-acting insulin	within 1 to 2 hours	12 to 18 hours
Long-acting insulin	within a few hours	24 hours or longer